Deck 15: Hydration and Oral Care
1
Which of the following nursing interventions should be implemented to prevent dehydration in hospitalized older adults? (Select all that apply.)
A) Implementing intake and output recording for any patients with fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or an infection
B) Limiting duration of NPO requirements for diagnostic tests and procedures
C) Administering IV fluids to all hospitalized older adults
D) Limiting the use of diuretic medications in hospitalized older adults
E) Making sure that hospitalized patients have easy access to fluids
Implementing intake and output recording for any patients with fever, diarrhea, vomiting, or an infection
Limiting duration of NPO requirements for diagnostic tests and procedures
Making sure that hospitalized patients have easy access to fluids
2
Which of the following are age-related changes that affect hydration status? (Select all that apply.)
A) Decrease in thirst sensation
B) Decrease in total body water
C) Decrease in ability of kidneys to maximally concentrate urine
D) Decrease in bone marrow mass
E) Decrease in bladder capacity
Decrease in thirst sensation
Decrease in total body water
Decrease in ability of kidneys to maximally concentrate urine
3
A nurse is performing an admission assessment on an older patient who presented with a high fever and cough, reduced oral intake for 3 days, and lower extremity weakness. The patient has sunken eyes, and the patient's skin turgor over the sternum is poor. The nurse suspects that the patient is dehydrated. Which of the following are indicators of dehydration in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Poor skin turgor over the sternum
B) Lower extremity weakness
C) High fever
D) Sunken eyes
E) Cough
Lower extremity weakness
Sunken eyes
4
A nurse is observing a nurse aide perform denture care for a resident in the nursing home. The nurse recommends that the nurse aide receive additional education on denture care when the nurse observes which of the following?
A) The nurse aide places a face cloth in the sink and fills the sink half full with water.
B) The nurse aide uses toothpaste to clean the dentures.
C) The nurse aide utilizes a specially designed denture brush to clean the dentures.
D) The nurse aide stores the dentures in a denture cup filled with denture cleansing solution.
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5
In a long-term care facility, a nurse is having a discussion with the nurse aides about ways to deal with dementia clients who are uncooperative with mouth care. Appropriate methods to use include:
A) speaking to the client sternly and instructing the client to open the mouth and cooperate immediately.
B) having another nurse aide assist in holding the client's mouth open with a tongue depressor.
C) involving the client in the process of oral hygiene, such as using the hand over hand technique to brush the client's teeth.
D) quickly performing oral hygiene without explanation since the client is uncooperative.
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6
An older woman asks a nurse, "You always seem to be telling me that I need to drink more water. How much water do I really need to drink?" The nurse bases her response on the knowledge that older adults should consume at least:
A) 1000 mL of fluid per day.
B) 1500 mL of fluid per day.
C) 2000 mL of fluid per day.
D) 2500 mL of fluid per day.
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7
An older adult complains of xerostomia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Encourage the patient to brush and floss teeth regularly.
B) Encourage the patient to have regular dental screenings.
C) Provide antiseptic mouthwash (e.g., Listerine) for the patient.
D) Encourage adequate intake of water.
E) Provide saliva substitutes.
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8
Which of the following statements describing oral care for the older population is correct?
A) Regular dental examinations can prevent tooth loss and improve the ability to chew healthful foods.
B) Losing one's teeth is considered a normal part of the aging process.
C) Oral malignancies seldom occur in older adults so oral examinations are of low priority.
D) Preventative dental care is covered under Medicare.
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9
A nurse administers hypodermoclysis (HDC) to an older nursing home resident. The purpose of hypodermoclysis is:
A) to rehydrate an individual with severe dehydration.
B) to quickly administer 4-5 L of fluid within a 24-hour period.
C) to rehydrate an individual with mild to moderate dehydration.
D) as a supplement to IV hydration to expedite rehydration.
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10
A nurse is caring for an older adult who has a gastrostomy tube. The nurse is developing a care plan related to oral care. Which of the following should the nurse consider for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
A) Oral care should be provided every four hours.
B) Teeth should be brushed with a toothbrush after each tube-feeding.
C) Lemon glycerin swabs should be used in between feedings to keep the mouth moist.
D) Foam swabs should be used in place of a toothbrush to clean the teeth after each tube-feeding.
E) Oral care should be provided only twice daily if the older adult is edentulous.
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